![]() ![]() It brought about the perceptual changes needed in early twentieth- century culture for the rise of the new media that captured communications: photography, cinema, radio and the telephone. The industrial revolution introduced the railroad and the telegraph line, paving the way for future changes in communications. It refers to speed-up in the pace of life, while abolishing traditional spatial barriers. The term “time-space compression” was coined by David Harvey in his book, “The Condition of Postmodernity” (1989). Time and Space Compression in Cyberspace Art ![]() Leonardo Abstract Services (LABS) 2010-2012 Ontological reading thus widens literary study.Ephemeral8, “Bits of My Life” (BML 2007).Įphemeral8, “Bits of My Life” (BML 2007). Both works body forth occulted landscapes with the capacity to narrate widely: their troubling of ontological difference-between human and animal, life and death, past and present, nature and supernature-lays the ground for generically flexile stories of regional becoming. Both narratives evoke moorland terrains conducive to a long history of woolens manufacturing reliant on the energized capital and trade flows of Atlantic slavery. Whereas David Peace's millennial Red Riding series of novels and films palimpsestically layers multiple pasts and presents, Wuthering Heights’ photomontage-like landscape airbrushes the seams of combined and uneven histories. Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights () can be likened to a species of crime fiction in prefiguring the “hardboiled” pull from epistemological certainty to ontological complication. ![]() Ontological reading is a comparative practice for studying the narrative work of “figuring out” those processes-for example, through the “occulted landscapes” of Yorkshire noir. World-systems thinkers have theorized the critical premise of material worlds shaped though ongoing processes of combined and uneven development. Such sense-making dialectics enable readers to infer the terms of existence that shape fictional worlds. This essay shows how genre and place enable the “ontological reading” of narrative fiction. How are films related to the literary source? What contributes to the differences among different adaptations? How does one adaptation affect another? It is believed that the responses to these questions will shed a new light on adaptation studies. However, in 2011, casting a black ill-experienced actor as Heathcliff has been under debate, for after Laurence Olivier enacted a Byronic handsome white male Heathcliff, Arnold’s attempt or even subversion of the image of Heathcliff seems to be unacceptable to some audience. For example, in Hollywood’s Golden Era, William Wyler produced the classic adaptation of the novel, creating Heathcliff as an endurable and noble figure. Versions of adaptation vary in different ways. Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights is an unfathomable and unsettling story with a reinvigorating afterlife on screen, and adapting Wuthering Heights has been a daunting task for many directors. Film at its birth was intertwined with literature, and with its rapid development, the relationship between film and literature is as complicated as ever, becoming an important subject matter in adaptation studies. ![]()
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